1.PTHH: CaCO₃ + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) CaCl₂ + H₂O + CO₂

2.Ta có: n_CO2 = \(\frac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo pt: n_HCl = 2n_CO2 = 2.0,2=0,4 mol

=> m_HCl= 0,4 . 36,5 = 14,6g

=> C%= \(\frac{14,6}{100}.100=14,6\%\)

3. Chất khí sinh ra là cacbon điôxit ( CO₂)

m_CO2 = 0,2 . 44=8,8g

4. Muối sinh ra là canxi clorua ( CaCl₂ )

Theo pt: n_CaCl2 = n_CO2= 0,2 mol

=> mCaCl2 = 0,2 . 111=22,2g

a) \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2HCl + CaCO₃ → CaCl₂ + CO₂ + H₂O

Mol:      0,4                         0,2        0,2

b) \(C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5.100\%}{100}=14,6\%\)

c) \(m_{CaCl_2}=0,2.101=20,2\left(g\right)\)

a) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

Fe+2HCl->FeCl₂+H₂

0,125--0,25---0,125-0,125

m _HCl=9,125 g=>n _HCl=\(\dfrac{9,125}{26,5}\)=0,25 mol

=>m Fe=0,125.56=7g

=>V_H2=0,125.22,4=2,8l

=>C%_FeCl2=\(\dfrac{0,125.127}{7+182,5-0,25}\).100=8,388%

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6.5}{65}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{100\cdot14.6\%}{36.5}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

\(1........2\)

\(0.1......0.4\)

\(LTL:\dfrac{0.1}{1}< \dfrac{0.4}{2}\Rightarrow HCldư\)

\(V_{H_2}=0.1\cdot22.4=2.24\left(l\right)\)

\(m_{\text{dung dịch sau phản ứng}}=6.5+100-0.1\cdot2=106.3\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%ZnCl_2=\dfrac{0.1\cdot136}{106.3}\cdot100\%=12.79\%\)

\(C\%HCl\left(dư\right)=\dfrac{\left(0.4-0.2\right)\cdot36.5}{106.3}\cdot100\%=6.87\%\%\)

\(a) Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2\\ b) n_{HCl} = \dfrac{182,5.5\%}{36,5} = 0,25(mol)\\ n_{FeCl_2} = n_{H_2} = n_{Fe} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl} = 0,125(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe} = 0,125.56 = 7(gam) ; V = 0,125.22,4 = 2,8(lít)\\ c) m_{dd\ sau\ phản\ ứng} = m_{Fe} + m_{dd\ HCl} - m_{H_2} = 7 + 182,5 - 0,125.2 = 189,25(gam)\\ C\%_{FeCl_2} = \dfrac{0,125.127}{189,25}.100\% = 8,39\%\)

a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

b, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,3.65=19,5\left(g\right)\)

c, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,1}=6\left(M\right)\)

\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{150}{100}=1.5\left(mol\right)\)

\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)

\(n_{CaCl_2}=n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=1.5\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{CO_2}=1.5\cdot22.4=33.6\left(l\right)\)

\(C_{M_{CaCl_2}}=\dfrac{1.5}{0.5}=3\left(M\right)\)